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Field Hockey: Key Notes & Top 25 MCQs for UPSC Exams

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Women athletes engaged in a competitive field hockey match, highlighting teamwork, skill, and the growing presence of women in sports. If you are a sports enthusiast and especially love team sports , knowing about field hockey is a must. The sport is popular not only in India but all over the world. It is a great combination of teamwork, strategy , and fitness . India has a deep connection with hockey —it has been a part of our proud Olympic history . In this article, you will find complete information about the history, rules, techniques, players, training , and career opportunities of field hockey. Rules and Guidelines for Hockey Rule / Guideline Short Description Team Size Each team has 11 players, including one goalkeeper . Match Duration A standard game lasts 60 minutes, split into 4 quarters. Stick Use Players c...

Aquarium Animals, Fish & Plants - UPSC Key Notes & Top 15 MCQs

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Aquarium animals, fish, and plants create balanced miniature ecosystems inside glass tanks. They help learners understand biodiversity , water chemistry , filtration, and ecological interactions. Properly maintained aquariums support healthy aquatic life, showcasing the importance of clean water, oxygen exchange , natural behaviours, and habitat enrichment in controlled environments. Aquariums offer a close view of aquatic species, demonstrating ecological relationships , nutrient cycles , and energy transfer . They promote environmental awareness, responsible care, and scientific thinking. From colourful fish to oxygen-producing plants, aquariums teach how balanced ecosystems depend on suitable habitat conditions, clean water, compatible species, and stable biological processes. How  " Aquarium Animals, Fish & Plants" Is Useful for UPSC & Other Exams Aquarium ecosystems help UPSC aspirants understand ecology, biodiversity, food chains, water quality, biotic–ab...